Association between dietary patterns and alteredmammographic findings / Asociación entre patrones dietéticos y hallazgos mamográficos alterados

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the main types ofcancer in women. Previous studies assessed the relationshipbetween diet and breast cancer risk, however, studies thatevaluate the relationship between diet and mammographicfindings are scarce. Aim: To evaluate the association between dietary patternsand mammographic findings of women monitored by a mas-tology service of the Brazilian Unified Health System. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study that eval-uated data from 504 women. Two 24-hour dietary recallswere applied and dietary patterns were identified by principalcomponent factor analysis. The mammography reports wereclassified into normal and altered mammographic findings. Logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the asso-ciation between dietary patterns and mammographic findings.The analyses were performed in the software Stata and R andconsidered significant values of p <0.05. Results: Three dietary patterns was identified: “traditionalBrazilian” (rice, beans, red meat, breads, oils and fats andcoffees and teas), “Western” (sugar sweetened beverages, eggs, cakes, pies and cookies, fast-food snacks and, sweetsand desserts) and “prudent” (whole grains, fruits, vegetables,tubers and their products, dairy and chicken). Women withless adherence (OR 0.54 CI 95% 0.30:0.95) to the “traditionalBrazilian” dietary pattern had 46% lower odds for having al-tered mammographic findings. No associations were foundbetween “Western” and “prudent” dietary patterns with mam-mographic findings.(AU)

The effect of pilates on metabolic control and oxidative stress of diabetics type 2 - A randomized controlled clinical trial.

INTRODUCTION: The Pilates method is an approach to body and mind exercises that has as its foundation the gain of stability, strength and flexibility, and the work of muscular control, posture and breathing, which can generate repercussions on oxidative stress and ROS production, it is expected that Pilates can satisfactorily influence glycemic and oxidative stress reduction in elderly diabetes. AIM: To analyze the effect of a Pilates protocol on variables indicative of metabolic control and oxidative stress in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. METHOD: Randomized clinical trial in type 2 diabetics enrolled in Hiperdia Parnaíba. A Pilates protocol was performed for 8 weeks, with 2 weekly consultations. The tested variables were: blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, C-reactive protein and malondialdehyde. ANOVA tests, correlation of Wilcoxon, Friedman and Spearman, were used, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: 44 diabetics participated in the study (intervention group: 22; control: 22), with a mean age of 61.23 ± 8.49years, the majority being female (77.3%), married (59.1%), literate (31.8%), with an average BMI of 26.96 ± 4.35 kg/m2. When analyzing the effects of the protocol, there was a significant reduction in glycated hemoglobin (p = 0.002) and oxidative stress (p = 0.004) in the intervention group, however, there were no differences in fasting glucose (p = 0.055) and in the profile lipid, expressed by the total cholesterol (p = 0.654), HDL (p = 0.591), LDL (p = 0.564) and triglycerides (0.192). There was a moderate positive correlation between oxidative stress and glycated hemoglobin (r = 0.44, p = 0.000). CONCLUSION: The exercise protocol based on the Pilates method produced a reduction in glycated hemoglobin and oxidative stress.

Effect of tamoxifen on arterial microvascular anastomosis.

Breast reconstruction after cancer treatment is based on the circulation of pedicle and microvascular flaps. This article aimed to verify the effect of tamoxifen (TMX) pretreatment in arterial anastomosis in rats. Twenty female Wistar rats were equally divided into two groups. TMX (0.3 mg/kg) was administered to the experimental group for 2 weeks orally. After this period, the right femoral artery was sectioned and a terminoterminal anastomosis performed. The same procedure was done in the control group, except that the animals received the vehicle without TMX. One week later, the femoral arteries were inspected for flow through the anastomosis, and the vessel near it was sent to light microscopic examination. It was observed mild vasculite in both groups. The intimal thickness and total vessel wall in the TMX-treated group was significantly higher. A real thrombotic effect upon the arterial vascular anastomosis was not observed, eventhough, TMX induced intimal hyperplasia.